This article includes some of the MCQs from Research Methodology.
- ________ is the first step in the research process.
- Collecting data
- Formulating a research question
- Analyzing data
- Drawing conclusion
- Which of the following is an example of qualitative research methods?
- Survey
- Case Study
- Experiment
- Meta-analysis
- What is a hypothesis in research?
- A conclusion drawn from data analysis
- A summary of research findings
- A measurement of data accuracy
- A statement of predicted relationship between variables
- What is the purpose of a literature review in research?
- To identify the research gaps
- To summarize research findings
- To collect primary data
- To analyze data
- What is a dependent variable in research?
- The variable that is manipulated by the researcher
- The variable that remains constant throughout the research
- The variable that is measured and observed
- The variable that is not relevant to the research question
- What is the purpose of a research proposal?
- To present research findings
- To provide a rationale for the study
- To establish causality
- To guide the data collection process
- What is a research design?
- A plan for data analysis
- A method for data collection
- A statistical technique
- A framework for conducting research
- What is the purpose of statistical analysis in research?
- To summarize research findings
- To collect primary data
- To draw conclusion from data
- To develop research hypotheses
- What is the appropriate statistical analysis for comparing means between two groups?
- Chi-squared test
- Analysis of variance (ANOVA)
- Regression analysis
- T-test
- What is the purpose of a control group in an experiment?
- To provide a baseline for comparison
- To receive the experimental treatment
- To control for confounding variables
- To ensure internal validity
- Which of the following is an example of a primary source of data?
- Research article
- Textbook
- Meta analysis
- Interview transcript
- _________ is the characteristics of qualitative research.
- Large sample size
- Standardize data collection methods
- Emphasis on context and social interactions
- Objectives and detached perspective
- ________ is NOT a common data collection method in qualitative research.
- Participant observation
- Structured interviews
- Content Analysis
- Focus Groups
- ________ is the primary focus of qualitative research.
- Causality
- Understanding the meanings and interpretations of individuals
- Hypothesis testing
- Statistical analysis
- In qualitative research, data collection methods typically include
- Structured questionnaires
- Experiments
- Surveys
- Interviews and Observations
- Which of the following is an example of a qualitative research question?
- What is the prevalence of depression in college students?
- How does gender influence job satisfaction ?
- What is the relationship between income and happiness?
- What are the factors that contribute to successful weight loss?
- Which of the following research methods is primarily associated with qualitative research?
- Experimental research
- Longitudinal research
- Phenomenology
- Correlation research
- __________ is an example of a quantitative research method.
- Case study
- Ethnography
- Correlational Study
- Phenomenological study
- _________ is the main purpose of a research hypothesis.
- To provide a clear research direction
- To analyze data
- To establish causality
- To summarize research findings
- Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good research question?
- Clear and Focused
- Relevant and significant
- Testable and measurable
- Broad and ambiguous
- What is a random sample in research?
- A sample that is selected by chance
- A sample that is selected based on specific criteria
- A sample that is selected from population in a systematic way
- A sample that is selected based on convenience
- What is a case study in research?
- A survey of a large population
- An in-depth investigation of a single individual or group
- An experimental design that tests a hypothesis
- An analysis of existing statistical data
- _____________ is a research population.
- The group of people who participate in the study
- The larger group from which the participants are selected
- The variables being studied
- THe data collected in the study
- Which of the following is a measure of central tendency in statistics?
- Standard Deviation
- Correlation Coefficient
- Mean
- Chi-square test
- _____________ is a non-experimental research design.
- Randomized controlled trial
- Quasi-experimental design
- Case Study
- Cross-sectional study
- What is the appropriate statistical test to test the association between two categorical variables in a research study?
- T-test
- ANOVA
- Regression Analysis
- Chi-square test
- Which statistical test is appropriate to test the difference between proportions of two groups?
- T-tests
- ANOVA
- Chi-square test
- Z-test
- Which of the following statistical tests is appropriate to test the difference between medians of two groups?
- T-test
- ANOVA
- Wilcoxon rank-sum test
- Regression analysis
- Which of the following statistical tests is appropriate to test the difference between means of two related samples?
- T-test
- ANOVA
- Chi-square test
- Paired-sample test
- Which of the following statistical tests is appropriate to test the relationship between two continuous variables while controlling other variables?
- T-test
- ANOVA
- Chi-square test
- Regression Analysis
- What is the main purpose of a pilot study in research?
- To gather primary data
- To establish the sample size
- To test the research hypothesis
- To refine the research methodology
- __________ is a non-probability sampling technique.
- Convenience Sampling
- Stratified Sampling
- Cluster Sampling
- Simple Random Sampling
- What is the primary purpose of inferential statistics in research?
- To summarize and describe data
- To explore relationships between variables
- To interpret qualitative data
- To test hypotheses and make inferences about a population
- ________ is NOT a type of research data.
- Primary data
- Secondary data
- Tertiary data
- Meta data
- What is a literature review?
- A summary of book
- A summary of research study
- A summary of the literature on a particular topic
- A summary of a movie
- What is the first step in conducting a literature review?
- Identify the research question
- Identify the study population
- Identify the research hypothesis
- Identify the research methodology
- What is the purpose of a conceptual framework in research?
- To provide a summary of the main concepts related to the research topic
- To establish the theoretical foundation for the research study
- To outline the research design and methods
- To report the findings of the research study
- ________ is NOT a step in the research process.
- Literature review
- Data analysis
- Research question
- Data collection
- Which of the following is NOT a criterion for establishing causality in research?
- Temporal order
- Covariation
- Association
- Control of confounding variables
- What is a research instrument?
- The research question
- The research design
- The data collection method
- The data analysis plan
- ________ is a data analysis plan.
- A plan for collecting data in as research study
- A plan for analyzing data collected in a research study
- A plan for reporting research findings
- A plan for selecting research participants
- Which of the following is an example of qualitative descriptive data?
- Age of participants in a research study
- Gender of participants in a research study
- Scores on a likert scale in a questionnaire
- Responses to open-ended questions in a survey
- Which of the following is a measure of central tendency?
- Standard Deviation
- Variance
- Median
- Range
- What is the mode in descriptive data analysis?
- The value that appears most frequently in a dataset
- The average of a dataset
- The middle value of a dataset
- The difference between the highest and lowest values in a dataset
- ______________________, is NOT a characteristic of fundamental research.
- It is exploratory in nature.
- It is aimed at developing new theories
- It is focused on solving practical problems
- It is conducted without a specific application
- Which of the following is a type of research bias?
- Descriptive bias
- Sampling bias
- Causal bias
- Inferential bias
- What is recall bias in data collection?
- The tendency of participants to provide socially desirable responses
- The systematic error in measurement instruments
- The distortion of memory in reporting past events
- The influence of the researcher’s expectations on data collection
- How can researcher bias be minimized in data collection?
- Using random sampling techniques
- Double-blind data collection
- Using multiple data collection methods
- Ensuring strict adherence to research protocols
- What is bias in research methodology?
- A measure of central tendency
- A measure of variability
- A systematic error in data collection
- A random error in data collection
- How can researchers minimize bias in data collection?
- By using a small sample size
- By using biased data collection instruments
- By using non-random sampling techniques
- By using appropriate data collection and analysis methods
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